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E. TAVERNER I `improvement in Combing Machlnes.

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Improvement in Combng Machnesv No, 122,678,l `Patentedjah.9,l872.

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EDOUARD TAVERNIR, OF LILLE, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO AUGUSTUS MORAND, BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN CONlBlNG-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 122,678, dated January 9, 1872.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDOUARD TAVERNIER, of Lille, in the Republic of France, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Combing and Preparing Cotton, Wool, and other Fibrous Substances, and in Engines or Machines in connection therewith, which improvements I do hereby declare to be fully and truly described in and by the following description thereof-that is to say:

This invention relates to certain improvements iu machines for combing and preparing cotton, Wool, and other fibrous substances, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

In feeding the sliver or material into and between the comb of the machine from the inside to the outside the frames through which the end of each fed sliver protrudes are acted upon and made to rise and fall by inclined plates or grooves, and as the comb rotates a compact fringe or bat7 of perfect form is produced. The needles of both the rotating and the working combs are of a curved or bent form, somewhat resembling a bayonet, and owing to that form the working organs are kept in close contact with the needle-points.. Sometimes a series of gills combs are employed as workin g combing organs outside the main receiving rotary comb, and then these gills combs are made of a curved form to embrace more or less the circular horizontal receiving-comb-that is to say, the curve increases by insensible'degrees in such a way as to avoid an acute angle at the point Wh ere the straight line melts into a curve. The feeding-frames are of skeleton form, and the fore ends are arranged with sIning-plates to press upon the sliver as it passes through into the needles or points. The plates can be kept off the sliver by a catch, as desired. In order to clean the gills I cause them to rise up between two or more fixed flat brushes, or their equivalents, pressing on both sides of the needles, thereby causing the noils to be pushed oft' at the extremity of the gills combs, where a revolving brush takes the noils, this brush being cleaned by a card-drum or a dofting-knife. I use the same mode of cleaning when a porcupine is employed. Sometimes I use a fixed longitudina-l keepingplate instead of a traveling one, which plate may, however, be pressed down by a spring or springs.

By the combination and arrangement of some of the parts of existing circular engines or machines with the new parts, as before referred to, I can prevent the divergency of the sliver, for the purpose before described. The circular guard or cleaning-comb is made up of segments which rise and fall by riding upon inclined plates and grooves. The comb enters into the fringe between the receiving-comb and the drawing-off rollers, and no spaces are left at their meeting ends, so that the usual continuous circle of comb-teeth is preserved. The fringe is pushed down to the bottom of the points by a dabbing-brush or equivalent. A revolving brush lifts the ber to the top and another brush or equivalent turns the points of the ber toward the` drawing-off rollers. The porcupine is preferably of roller-form and has one end of smaller diameter than the other, the barrel being hollowed to follow the circle of the receiving-comb. The needles or points are of varying lengths and of different degrees of neness. The coarse needles are secured at the small end of the roller, and thereafter the needles are gradually made finer and set closer together as they approach the larger diameter.

The invention will be well understood by refer-ring to the accompanyingdrawing, in which k Figure l represents a section or portion of a machine or circular combing-frame in which these improvements are shown, and in which a sliver can be produced with perfect continuity throughout its length. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the same frame, representing the mode by which the necessary motion is imparted to the circular comb.

a is the frame of the machine, supporting the circular rotating comb b on its outer edge. The in side of the comb-ring c is provided with teeth, geared into by the pinion d, operated by the bevel-wheels e and the main shaft f, on which the fast and loose pulleys g h are mounted, the throwing in and out of action of which is governed by the fork t in the usual manner. The machine carries at its upper part a series of reel-carriers, j, for supporting the reels 7c, from which the sliversl to be operated upon by the pins or points are drawn. The sliver is led down from the inside of the frame through an eye in the plate n to the outer end of the pressingframe o, and thence to the needle-points or pins bet'ore it passes to the porcupine or doiiingroller vp. The frame or box o somewhat resembles that known as Nobles but its mode of action is dierent, inasmuch as the liber is held or griped by a spring-plate, q, termed a press in g-plate, to prevent the fiber being taken from it at too great a speed, and to admit of the sliver being drawn or lengthened by the rotation ofthe comb.

The box is shown detached in Figs. 3, 4, 5, G,

Y and 7 Fi 0'. Sfbein 0 a side view and FiO. 4 a to i 7 23 b 7 D view, While Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are end views, with the pressing-plate in the three positions it occupies for the proper action when in Work. The plate is snrmounted by a spiral spring, fr, which bears against a shoulder or top bar, which is perforated to allow the central pin to work through. The pin has a button or spherical head, to which a thin plate with a notch in it is attached. This plate prevents the pin turning, and its notch, when lifted, as shown in Fig. 5, rests upon the top -bar and holds the plate q ofi' the sliver. rllhis is essential, as a large opening is left for permitting the sliver to be passed through when the reel is first placed upon the support j. The tail of plate m rests upon a spring', s, and its pressure is regulated to suit the necessary height ofthe outer end and to return the fore end when it is lifted by the pin n, which rides upon usual inclined plates in their rotation.

The needles or points ofthe circle and other combs, as Well as Working combs and guardcombs, are of bayonet-shape, or are bent outward to admit of other needles or points rising up between them, as Will be seen on reference to Fig. S. These needles are carried by plates c, provided with rollers to run up the inclined bars w, shown in Fig. 9. A bar is shown foreach roller, and they are so arra-n ged that the needle-plates are raised horizontally so as to bring all thc points up level at one time. The inclined plates travel round With the circular comb and permit of the needleplates c falling oft' the inclines when traveled a sufficient distance.

The working or rin g-guard combs, with their plates, form a continuous circle outside the circle-comb, their ends overlapping one another, as shown in the views, Figs. l() and Il, and they are adjustable and can be secured to their plates by the screws which Work in the slots, as seen in Fig. 9.

The sliver, as it passes through the needles or points of the circular comb and the guardcomb, is acted upon and cleaned by a porcupine of the form shown in Fig.1. This porcupine is aholloW cone, on the smaller diameter of which the teeth are of greater distance apart than those at`the larger' diameter at the opposite end, the distances decreasing gradually from one end to the other, the hollow shape being only formed to coincide with the circle of combs against which it Works to clean the sliver. rIhe porcupine is set at an angle to the circle of combs, and receives the sliver at one end only, namely, the smaller end, which is further from the circles of comb than the larger end, and by this means the sliver is acted upon graduallythat is to say, the extremity of the fringe is tirst cleaned, and as the points enter more and more into the fringe the body of it becomes thoroughly cleanefh The porcupine is itself cleaned by the brush ir, the loose tiber being aiterxvard removed from the brush by the carddrum y. The sliver, after being cleaned by means of the porcupine, passes round to the 'thawing-ott' rollers in the usual manner, these being placed in a frame outside the machine, so that the sliver, after leaving them, falls into a can or a balling-head.

By means of the above in'iprovements the sliver is operated upon and thoroughly cleaned Without breakin g its continuity or leaving some portions of it thicker or more full than others, a fault in most other constructions of combingframes, which reduces the commercial value ot' the sliver in the market.

Fig. l2 is a detached view of one of the. keeping-plates for pressing the sliver to the bottom ofthe pins as they travel from the porcupine to the dra-Win g-oftl rollers, shown in Figs. 13 and 14, and by which the sliver is removed from the pins previous to passing` through the rotating eye a to the balling-can, which is outside of the machine and under the outer drawin g-off rollers A Fig. 15 represents one of the grooved plates for the segment-combs to ride in when they have to be lifted to bring their points up level with the circle ot comb-points. Th ese grooved plates may be used instead of or in combination with the inclined plates or bars before spoken of.

The mode of action of the drawing-oft' rollers and of the revolving brush will be understood by referring to Fig. 14, which shows the parts in the position they occupy according to this part of my invention.

I do not in all cases use the drawing-on" rollers, as When short-staple sliver, or, for instance, cotton, is being acted upon, a nipping apparatus can be employed, and the working of this will be regulated so as not to break the continuity or divergence of the sliver. Any top7 being shown above the nippers can be removed by transferring-combs or rollers, or in any convenient manner.

Instead of using a porcupine in the manner and for the purpose before explained, I can use gill 77-combs a-rran gedin a si milar manner, havin g ro Ws of needles of a gradual size, beginning by coarse needles and iinishing by very tine needles outside the main circle of combs, these gill-combs having a curve embracing more or less the circular form of the main revolving comb. The points of the gills 7 lnay be standing up from the top or pointing downward from the bottoms of their plates or holders, and they can be kept clean by brushes or other appliances in any suitable manner. In this case the noils would be removed from the brushes by a revolving one, against which a dofling-knife may be caused to act. If the slivers or ribbons are intended to be passed onto a hailing-head, I prefer to make the headof the shape shown in Figs. 14, 15, and 16, and operate upon four bobbins at one time, so that the ribbon is divided, and I keep the ribbons or slivers upon the bobbins in a compact manner as they are being Wound on by pressing-rollers which adjust themselves to the increasing diameters by means of balance-weights or springs.

In the figures I have shown weights because they are capable of being slid along the levers to regulate the pressure. This ballng-head is of novel character, and would forman important addition to an existing combing-frame, as by it the Work is turned out more solid than by the ordinary method, and the sliver is also prevented uncoiling from the bobbins. The balling-head A is mounted upon a frame or support, B, and the frame has on the front of it a vertical plate or bar, C, carrying guideeyes D for dividing the sliver. One end' of each sliver is passed through its eye and laid upon the bobbin E intended to receive it. The bobbin-shaft is then rotated by the gearing or band-Wheel F, and continues to do so until the bobbins are filled. rI he end of the bobbinshaft has a handle, G, for turning it in order to unscrew the opposite end from the socket When the-bobbins have to be removed. The pressure-rollers H H are held upon vertical swinging arms I I, which are free to vibrate upon the axis J so as to keep the rollers in contact by means of the Weights K K, as before explained.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-' 1. The porcupines in which the teeth are at varying distances apart,When arranged and set, With relation to the circular comb, so that only one end is in contact with the circular comb, as described and shown.

2. The feeding boxes, constructed as described, and arranged to act upon the sliver when passing from the inside to the outside of the circle of combs, asset forth.

3. The needles or points in circular combingmachines, When constructed as hereinbefore described and shown.

4. The xed keeping-plates, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The improved balling-head, shown and described, when constructed and operating as set forth.

In Witness whereof I, the said EDOUARD TAV- ERNIER, have hereunto set my hand and seal the eleventh day of March, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.

' EDOUARD TAVERNIER.

Witnesses:

BEN TAYOUR, de Pars. LEsAGE, de Lille. 

